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The Y chromosome is typically only passed from male parents to male offspring.

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Because the arrangement of atoms in diamond is extremely rigid, few types of impurity can contaminate it (two exceptions are boron and nitrogen).

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Albinism can reduce the survivability of an animal; for example, it has been suggested that albino alligators have an average survival span of only 24 years due to the lack of protection from UV radiation and their lack of camouflage to avoid predators.

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The district and its projects are unusual in that they were funded almost entirely by local tax initiatives, unlike similar projects elsewhere which were funded by the federal government and coordinated by the U.

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The first identification of a Denisovan individual occurred in 2010, based on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) extracted from a juvenile finger bone excavated from the Siberian Denisova Cave in the Altai Mountains in 2008.

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The Eisenhower Tunnel, with a maximum elevation of 11,158 feet (3,401 m) and length of 1.

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In early March 1990, the ZR1 would set new records for the highest average speed over 24 hours at over 175 mph (282 km/h) and highest average speed over 5,000 miles at over 173 mph (278 km/h).

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For example, the supersonic airliner Concorde had a particularly high pressure differential due to flying at unusually high altitude: up to 60,000 ft (18,288 m) while maintaining a cabin altitude of 6,000 ft (1,829 m).

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This meteorite is important because it was the first fall of an iron meteorite viewed and reported by a significant number of witnesses, despite its low remaining total known weight.

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The term Polynésie was first used in 1756 by the French writer Charles de Brosses, who originally applied it to all the islands of the Pacific.

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The country covers an area of 438,317 square kilometres (169,235 sq mi) and has a population of over 46 million, making it the 58th largest country by area and the 31st most populous in the world.

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It connects not only Geneva but also feeds the Maurienne railway and the Geneva to Valence via Grenoble line.

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These structures rest on a foundation that is carefully designed to transfer the weight of the bridge to the subsoil without settling.

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The current scientific consensus on climate change is that solar variations only play a marginal role in driving global climate change, since the measured magnitude of recent solar variation is much smaller than the forcing due to greenhouse gases.

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Coastal cutthroat trout are resident in tributary streams and rivers of the Pacific basin and are rarely found more than 100 miles (160 km) from the ocean.

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6 mi tall), as well as one of the largest canyons in the Solar System (Valles Marineris, 4,000 km or 2,500 mi long).

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Solar cycle 24 is the most recently completed solar cycle, the 24th since 1755, when extensive recording of solar sunspot activity began.

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In Alvin, 42 in (1,100 mm) of rain fell in one day, which at one point was the record 24‑hour precipitation amount for any location in the United States.

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Estimates of the number of major mass extinctions in the last 540 million years range from as few as five to more than twenty.

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In 1974, the SR-71 set the record for the quickest flight between London and New York at 1 hour, 54 minutes and 56 seconds.

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This unusual method of construction substantially reduced the first cost of construction compared to an all-masonry structure, but at the cost of more expensive maintenance.

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They were capable of reaching speeds of up to 90 mph (145 km/h).

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It is currently the only member of the genus Delphinus, the type genus of the subfamily Delphininae.

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5 m (18 ft) long and weighing up to 1,600 kg (3,530 lb).

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They have unspecialized cells that can transform into other types and that often migrate between the main cell layers and the mesohyl in the process.

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Only recently, since the mid-20th century, has it been widely used to refer to elements with intermediate or borderline properties between metals and nonmetals.

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(By contrast, classical physics explains matter and energy only on a scale familiar to human experience, including the behavior of astronomical bodies such as the Moon.

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Bose–Einstein statistics apply only to particles that do not follow the Pauli exclusion principle restrictions.

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While a distinction between metals and other minerals had existed since antiquity, a classification of chemical elements as metallic or nonmetallic emerged only in the late 18th century.

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The weighted arithmetic mean is similar to an ordinary arithmetic mean (the most common type of average), except that instead of each of the data points contributing equally to the final average, some data points contribute more than others.

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Stars, planets, and visible gas clouds only form about 6% of this ordinary matter.

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However, Bufo and related species like Incilius alvarius contain only trace amounts of bufotenin, with their major active component instead being 5-MeO-DMT.

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The ytterbium concentration is low because it is found only among many other rare-earth elements.

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Unlike cells of animals and other eukaryotes, bacterial cells contain circular chromosomes, do not contain a nucleus and rarely harbour membrane-bound organelles.

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About half of the overall risk is related to genetics, with more than 70 genes involved.

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Some evolutionary psychologists argue that evolutionary theory can provide a foundational, metatheoretical framework that integrates the entire field of psychology, much as evolutionary biology has done for biology.

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Christie's, which sold the work in 2017, stated that most leading scholars consider it an original work by Leonardo, but this attribution has been disputed by some leading specialists who propose that he only contributed certain elements; others believe that the extensive restoration prevents a definitive attribution.

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The Hope Diamond's recorded history begins in 1666, when the French gem merchant Jean-Baptiste Tavernier purchased the raw Golconda stone in India.

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Gadolinium possesses unusual metallurgical properties, to the extent that as little as 1% of gadolinium can significantly improve the workability and resistance to oxidation at high temperatures of iron, chromium, and related metals.

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These concessions can include a reduction in the severity of the charges, the dismissal of some charges, or a more lenient sentencing recommendation.

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The woolly mammoth began to diverge from the steppe mammoth about 800,000 years ago in Siberia.

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First published in 2004, it was updated in 2016 to reflect recent discoveries.

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Human infanticide has been recorded in almost every culture.

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A dog's sense of smell is so powerful that they can detect changes in a person's emotional state.

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Hunting advocates state that regulated hunting can be a necessary component of modern wildlife management, for example to help maintain a healthy proportion of animal populations within an environment's ecological carrying capacity when natural checks such as natural predators are absent or insufficient, or to provide funding for breeding programs and maintenance of natural reserves and conservation parks.

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An audio signal, typically originating from a microphone, recording, or radio broadcast, is electronically amplified to a power level sufficient to drive the motor, reproducing the sound corresponding to the original unamplified signal.

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Many FFT algorithms depend only on the fact that e − 2 π i / n {\textstyle e^{-2\pi i/n}} is an nth primitive root of unity, and thus can be applied to analogous transforms over any finite field, such as number-theoretic transforms.

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It most commonly takes place between family members or friends, but can also develop among groups, such as sporting teams and whenever people spend time together.

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This article uses "crocodile" or "true crocodile" to refer only to the species taxonomically included in the Crocodylidae family, extant or extinct.

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5 billion years old, containing a rare volcanic rock called komatiite.

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" Place attachment is one aspect of a more complex and multidimensional "sense of place" and cannot be explained simply through a cause and effect relationship.

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In its application to molecules the NMR effect can be observed only in the presence of a static magnetic field.

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The effective thermal conductivity varies with heat-pipe length and can approach 100 kW/(m⋅K) for long heat pipes, in comparison with approximately 0.

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They have high kinetic energies, and atmospheric dissipation is the only way of expending this, as it is highly impractical to use retrorockets for the entire reentry procedure.

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Previously, "Christendom" was the only widely used umbrella concept for centuries.

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In 2017, DRAM had a 47% increase in the price-per-bit, the largest jump in 30 years since a 45% jump in 1988.

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Unlike other forms of intellectual property, trade secrets normally do not require formal registration, and they can remain protected indefinitely as long as they continue to meet the legal requirements for trade secret status.

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They are considered an "evolutionary enigma" in that they are the largest of the extant species in Lemuridae, yet exhibit reproductive traits more common in small, nocturnal lemurs, such as short gestation periods (~102 days) and relatively large average litter sizes (~2–3).

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Functionally similar features that have arisen through convergent evolution are analogous, whereas homologous structures or traits have a common origin but can have dissimilar functions.

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The taphonomic regime results in soft tissue being preserved, meaning that organisms without conventionally fossilized hard parts can be seen.

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According to FishBase, about 34,800 species of fish had been described as of February 2022, which is more than the combined total of all other vertebrates: mammals, amphibians, reptiles and birds.

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Dogs can smell about 1,000 times better than humans. While humans have 5 million smell-detecting cells, dogs have more than 220 million. The part of the brain that interprets smell is also four times larger in dogs than in humans.

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The condition can be diagnosed through psychological assessment, along with physical examination to rule out genuine disorders of the genitalia that could be causing true retraction.

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Dogs can use their sense of smell to gauge our emotions, they can smell fear, anxiety, even sadness. This is because they can smell hormones such as adrenaline.

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Sisterhoods of sorceresses or witches are also known on the authority of ancient ethnographers to have existed in ancient Gaul; thus, Pomponius Mela (III, 6, 48) records a college of nine priestesses capable of invoking tempests and adopting animal form among the Osismii, while Strabon (IV, 4, 6) is aware of a convent of women of the Samnitae possessed by Dionysus, installed on an island of the Loire estuary.

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Minerals that are pure selenide or selenate compounds are rare.

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9 mi) from Mount Vesuvius, it was largely buried by tephra ash in the 79 AD eruption of Mount Vesuvius, in this case at a shallower depth of up to 5 m.

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Conversely, other bodies (including extrasolar ones) may provide additional examples, edge cases, and counterexamples to earthbound processes; without a greater context, studying these phenomena in relation to Earth alone may result in low sample sizes and observational biases.

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Many EID are zoonotic, deriving from pathogens present in animals, with only occasional cross-species transmission into human populations.

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rajah is best known for the giant urn-shaped traps it produces, which can grow up to 41 cm (16 in) high and 20 cm (7.

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This was the first time a biologist observed deep-sea animals in their native environment and set several successive records for the deepest dive ever performed by a human, the deepest of which stood until it was broken by Barton 15 years later.

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They are usually accompanied by strong winds and often produce heavy rain and sometimes snow, sleet, or hail, but some thunderstorms can produce little or no precipitation at all.

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3 m (10 ft 10 in) and weight of 15 kg (33 lb), the Andean condor is one of the largest flying birds in the world, and is generally considered to be the largest bird of prey in the world.

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Nigeria, with a population of more than 242 million, is the most populous country in Africa, and the world's sixth-most populous country, and its economy is the largest in the region and one of the largest in Africa along with Egypt and South Africa.

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This can be coined as a 'jump-to-conclusions' bias that can increase the spread of pseudoscientific beliefs.

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The first settlers of Australia, New Guinea, and the large islands just to the east arrived more than 60,000 years ago.

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Adult carnivorous lampreys are the most well-known species, and feed by boring into the flesh of other fish (or in rare cases marine mammals) to consume flesh and/or blood; but only 18 species of lampreys engage in this predatory lifestyle (with Caspiomyzon suggested to feed on carrion rather than live prey).

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A sexual fantasy can be created by the person's imagination or memory, and may be triggered autonomously or by external stimulation such as erotic literature or pornography, a physical object, or sexual attraction to another person.

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The contemporary Mathematics Subject Classification lists more than 60 first-level areas of mathematics.

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More than 100 known species of newts are found in North America, Europe, North Africa and Asia.

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