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Sand, that was the first to lay out the now-familiar triangular area where the losses took place.

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The first one was awarded in 1901 to the German physiologist, Emil von Behring, for his work on serum therapy and the development of a vaccine against diphtheria.

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Parapsychology has been criticized for continuing investigation despite being unable to provide reproducible evidence for the existence of any psychic phenomena after more than a century of research.

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Its invention was a discovery made independently by German cleric Ewald Georg von Kleist on 11 October 1745 and by Dutch scientist Pieter van Musschenbroek of Leiden (Leyden), Netherlands, in 1745–1746.

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Published in 2004, it is an alternative history set in 19th-century England around the time of the Napoleonic Wars.

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The period has been conventionally defined as extending from the 16th to the 19th centuries, but some experts prefer an alternative time-span from about 1300 to about 1850.

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== History == Anthropologists disagree on whether kissing is an instinctual or learned behaviour.

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The first aids to computation were purely mechanical devices which required the operator to set up the initial values of an elementary arithmetic operation, then manipulate the device to obtain the result.

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During the reign of king Philip II (359–336 BC), Macedonia with its capital in Pella, subdued mainland Greece, Paeonia, and the Thracian Odrysian kingdom through conquest and diplomacy.

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Modern humans arrived on the Indian subcontinent from Africa by 55,000 years ago.

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MIT's transformation as a research enterprise began during World War II, when projects like the Radiation Laboratory made it the nation's largest non-industrial R&D contractor.

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== History == === Hassenfeld Brothers === Three Polish-Jewish brothers, Herman, Hillel, and Henry Hassenfeld, founded Hassenfeld Brothers in Providence, Rhode Island, in late 1923, a company selling textile remnants.

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The history of medicine is both a study of medicine throughout history as well as a multidisciplinary field of study that seeks to explore and understand medical practices, both past and present, throughout human societies.

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Leprosy symptoms may begin within one year or take 20 years or more.

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Henrietta Lacks (née Loretta Pleasant; August 1, 1920 – October 4, 1951) was an African-American woman whose cancer cells are the source of the HeLa cell line, the first immortalized human cell line and one of the most important cell lines in medical research.

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In 27 BC, the Roman Senate granted Octavian overarching military power (imperium) and the new title of Augustus, marking his accession as the first Roman emperor.

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OS/2 (Operating System/2) is a discontinued proprietary computer operating system for x86 and PowerPC based personal computers created and initially developed jointly by IBM and Microsoft, under the leadership of IBM software designer Ed Iacobucci, intended as a replacement for DOS.

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"O Canada" had served as a de facto national anthem since 1939, officially becoming the country's national anthem in 1980 when Canada's National Anthem Act received royal assent and became effective on July 1 as part of that year's Dominion Day (today's Canada Day) celebrations.

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"The Injury" first aired in the United States on January 12, 2006, on NBC.

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Morse uses Lewis’ first name, Robbie for the first time in S5, E5 "Promised Land" before going to face a kidnapper and potential killer.

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In 1814 Key observed the British bombardment of Fort McHenry in Baltimore during the War of 1812.

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Coventry had been a large settlement for centuries.

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Stranger in a Strange Land won the 1962 Hugo Award for Best Novel and became the first science fiction novel to enter The New York Times Book Review's best-seller list.

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He remains the longest-serving secretary of defense, having remained in office over seven years.

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A local band of the Ohlone tribe inhabited the region for more than 3,000 years.

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The Peranakan Chinese () are an ethnic group defined by their genealogical descent from the first waves of Southern Chinese settlers to maritime Southeast Asia, known as Nanyang (Chinese: 南洋; pinyin: nán yáng; lit.

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Alexander spent most of his reign conducting a lengthy military campaign throughout Asia and Egypt, and by the age of 30, he had created one of the largest empires in history, stretching from Greece to northwestern India.

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Today, it has a dedicated building on Lime Street, a Grade I historic landmark.

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was developed by Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) student hobbyists in 1962 as one of the first such games on a video display.

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Included on the list are charts of the top box-office earners (ranked by both the nominal and real value of their revenue), a chart of high-grossing films by calendar year, a timeline showing the transition of the highest-grossing film record, and a chart of the highest-grossing film franchises and series.

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Although individuals have been renouncing the consumption of products of animal origin since ancient times, the term "veganism" itself was coined in 1944 by Donald and Dorothy Watson.

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According to historians and linguists, the Proto-Turkic language originated in Central-East Asia, potentially in the Altai-Sayan region, Mongolia or Tuva.

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Specimens are sometimes considered to be fossils if they are over 10,000 years old.

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Unlike the prehistoric pile dwellings around the Alps, which were built on shores and not inundated until later, crannogs were built in the water, thus forming artificial islands.

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They also explored the Indian Ocean and established trading routes throughout most of southern Asia, sending the first direct European maritime trade and diplomatic missions to Ming China and to Japan, at the same time installing trading posts and the most important colony: Portuguese Macau (Only in East Asia).

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Plesiosaurs first appeared in the latest Triassic Period, possibly in the Rhaetian stage, about 203 million years ago.

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Following the First World War and the dissolution of Austria-Hungary in 1918, Croatian lands were incorporated into the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.

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Natural law (Latin: ius naturale, lex naturalis) is a philosophical and legal theory that posits the existence of inherent laws derived from nature and universal moral principles that are discoverable through reason.

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== History == === 1840 to 1864 === Cards with messages have been sporadically created and posted by individuals since the beginning of postal services.

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== History == The effect is named for ELIZA, the 1966 chatbot developed by MIT computer scientist Joseph Weizenbaum.

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The first inspection station opened in 1892 and was destroyed by fire in 1897.

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Army war crime committed on 16 March 1968, involving the mass murder of between 347 and 504 civilians, almost all women, children and elderly men, in Sơn Mỹ village, Quảng Ngãi province, South Vietnam, during the Vietnam War.

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Examples include 300, which blends ancient Greek history with mythology, or Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves, which reimagines the legendary heroic figure in a stylized medieval setting.

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These topics were discussed across many cultures in ancient times by philosophers, but they had no means to distinguish causes of natural phenomena from superstitions.

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In its Western form, alchemy is first attested in pseudepigraphical texts written in Greco-Roman Egypt during the first few centuries AD.

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He did not marry or have children, which – along with contemporary accounts – has led some historians to speculate on his sexuality.

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The medieval art of the Western world covers a vast scope of time and place, with over 1000 years of art in Europe, and at certain periods in Western Asia and Northern Africa.

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480 – 524 AD), was a Roman senator, consul, magister officiorum, polymath, historian, and philosopher of the Early Middle Ages.

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The culture of Egypt has thousands of years of recorded history.

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The Library of Alexandria in Alexandria, Egypt, was one of the largest and most significant libraries of the ancient world.

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The content and function of dreams have been topics of scientific, philosophical and religious interest throughout recorded history.

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After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, knowledge of Greek conceptions of the world deteriorated in Latin-speaking Western Europe during the early centuries (400 to 1000 CE) of the Middle Ages, but continued to thrive in the Greek-speaking Byzantine Empire.

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6, with a main period near 400 days, has the widest range displayed by any first-magnitude star.

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Spiritualists in the United States believed that the dead were able to contact the living, and reportedly used a talking board very similar to the modern Ouija board at their camps in Ohio during 1886 with the intent of enabling faster communication with spirits.

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=== Lower Paleolithic === The Lower Palaeolithic period lasted over 3 million years, during which many human-like species evolved, including, toward the end of this period, Homo sapiens.

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It is thought to be Shakespeare's first tragedy and is often seen as his attempt to emulate the violent and bloody revenge plays of his contemporaries, which were extremely popular with audiences throughout the 16th century.

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He first became prominent as a film producer, and then as an important figure in the aviation industry.

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In the late 19th century, wrestlers dealt with this by quietly fixing their matches so that they could display more entertaining action.

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== History == === Hardware developer (1991-1996) === Trip Hawkins wanted to get into the hardware market after the software market exploded with interest thanks to his involvement at Electronic Arts.

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Comets have been observed and recorded since ancient times by many cultures and religions.

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His expeditions were the first known European contact with the Caribbean and Central and South America.

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Despite the eventual recovery of Constantinople and re-establishment of the Empire in 1261, Byzantium remained only one of several small rival states in the area for the final two centuries of its existence..

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The landlocked petty state began its rise in the 1530s under Tabinshwehti who went on to found the largest polity in Myanmar since the Pagan kingdom by 1550..

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In January 1965, the Jets signed University of Alabama quarterback Joe Namath to a then-record contract..

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The Hunt–Lenox Globe or Lenox Globe, dating from about 1508, is the second-oldest known terrestrial globe after the Erdapfel of Martin Behaim (1492) or, according to a fringe theory, the third-oldest after the Erdapfel and the Ostrich Egg Globe (claimed 1504)..

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As of July 2026, the first eight books have sold over fourteen million copies, with its popularity aided by the audiobook, performed by Jeff Hays of Soundbooth Theater..

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Robertson took on major responsibilities at the company prior to its collapse, including becoming its first board member, engaging with venture capitalists, and recruiting biochemist Ian Gibbons..

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Hypothesized social causes are supported by only weak evidence, distorted by numerous confounding factors.

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sitcom The Flying Nun, originally broadcast on ABC-TV from September 7, 1967, to April 3, 1970.

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Toronto, Canada's largest city, was founded as the Town of York and capital of Upper Canada in 1793 after the Mississaugas sold the land to the British in the Toronto Purchase.

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Each part of the kris is considered a piece of art, often carved in meticulous detail and (or) made from various materials: metal, precious or rare types of wood, or gold or ivory..

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He opposed, with varying success, Caesar's legislative programme during Caesar's first consulship in 59 BC..

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In 1979, he joined British new wave heavy metal band Samson, with whom he gained some popularity under the stage name "Bruce Bruce" and performed on two studio records.

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In early 2010, Muller and his daughter Elizabeth Muller founded the group Berkeley Earth, an independent 501(c)(3) non-profit aimed at addressing some of the major concerns of the climate change skeptics, in particular the global surface temperature record..

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Yoga pants are high-denier hosiery reaching from ankle to waist, originally designed for yoga as exercise and first sold in 1998 by Lululemon, a company founded for that purpose..

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In the early Middle Ages, clothing was typically simple and, particularly in the case of lower-class peoples, served only basic utilitarian functions such as modesty and protection from the elements..

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In the late ninth century of the Heian period (794–1185), Japanese clothing began to diverge from Chinese styles, giving rise to uniquely Japanese garments such as the jūnihitoe..

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Between 1999 and 2015, more than 900 subpostmasters were wrongfully convicted of theft, fraud and false accounting based on faulty Horizon data, with about 700 of these prosecutions carried out by the Post Office..

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Women have typically been underrepresented in history as both writers and subjects, and lesbianism has been correspondingly under-recorded..

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In the 18th century, doctrinal changes led to schisms, and by the 1970s, only a few isolated groups remained..

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